Legal Review of Consumer Protection in Digital Transactions: An Analysis of the Consumer Protection Law and the ITE Law

Abstract

This study analyzes consumer protection in digital transactions in Indonesia, focusing on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK) and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (and its amendments through Law Number 19 of 2016). The method used is normative juridical, supported by a limited empirical review through secondary data analysis from related agencies. The results of the study indicate that UUPK has provided a basis for protecting consumer rights, including the right to obtain correct information, security, and compensation mechanisms. On the other hand, the ITE Law regulates the validity of electronic transactions, the validity of electronic documents as evidence, and the obligation of electronic system organizers to maintain system security. The combination of these two laws should be able to effectively protect consumers in the digital realm. However, at the implementation level, there are still a number of obstacles. The low level of digital literacy of the community, limited understanding of information technology by law enforcement officers, and weak monitoring mechanisms are the main causes. In addition, not all e-commerce or fintech platforms have a strong commitment to maintaining data security and prosecuting unscrupulous sellers. This study recommends the need for regulatory harmonization, affirmation of digital platform responsibilities, increased consumer literacy, and strengthened coordination between institutions. Thus, consumer protection in digital transactions can be realized optimally, supporting healthy digital economic growth while ensuring justice for consumers.